Abstract Bacteria are amongst nature’s perfect examples of evolutionary biology. They have a plethora of means in order to adjust, regulate, and assimilate their newly respective environmental conditions. Such mechanisms include the development of filamentous structures (the so-called pili or fimbria), the alternation between sexual and asexual reproduction (depending on whether the respective environmental conditions[…]
Introduction 1.1 Background to T1D 1.1.1 – Epidemiology and background Type 1 diabetes (T1D), formerly known as insulin-dependent diabetes, is a common autoimmune disease that comprises five to ten per cent (ca. 11–22 million people) of all diabetes cases worldwide (World Health Organisation, WHO). Worryingly, incidences of the disease appear to be escalating rapidly in[…]
Summary Globally, lung cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer and the most common cause of death from cancer. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for around 80% of all lung cancers, with the majority of newly diagnosed patients with NSCLC having advanced disease. Standard cytotoxic chemotherapy improves survival and quality of life in advanced[…]